[33] However such plans were halted at the request of Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador. They have placed lookouts at arrival destinations such as airports, bus stations and main roads. [115] The same month, Verónica Hernández Giadáns, the Attorney General of Veracruz, admitted that her cousin Guadalupe “La Jefa” Hernández Hervis was in fact chief of operations for Los Zetas and also a close association of former Los Zetas leader Hernán “El Comandante H” Martínez Zavaleta, who was arrested in 2017. [60][61], Following the capture and extradition of Cárdenas, Los Zetas became so powerful that they outnumbered and outclassed the Gulf Cartel in revenue, membership, and influence by 2010. [62] As a result of this imbalance, the Cartel tried to curtail their own enforcers' influence and ended up instigating a civil war. [199], Also in 2012, the United States posted a $5,000,000 reward for information leading to the successful capture of Miguel Treviño Morales. [57] Over time, many of the Zetas' original thirty-one members have been killed or arrested; a number of younger men have filled the vacuum, but the group as currently extant remains far from the efficiency of their paramilitary origins. [175] The war then spread out through eleven municipalities of Tamaulipas, nine of them bordering Texas. [193][194], In October 2008, the FBI warned that a Zetas' cell in Texas would engage law enforcement with a full tactical response, should law enforcement attempt to intervene in their operations. [193][194], In October 2008, the FBI warned that a Zetas' cell in Texas would engage law enforcement with a full tactical response, should law enforcement attempt to intervene in their operations. [196], In February 2009, Texas Governor Rick Perry announced a program called "Operation Border Star Contingency Plan" to safeguard the border if the Zetas carried out their threats to attack U.S. security officers. [113][114], In January 2020, Los Zetas regional leader José Carmen N., also known as "El Comandante Reyes," was arrested in Oaxaca. The candidates from the Cartel were Guillén and Jorge Eduardo Costilla Sánchez, while Los Zetas wanted to hand the leadership to their own head, Lazcano. [36][37][38] The radio code for commanding Federal Judicial Police officers in Mexico was "Y" and those officers are nicknamed "Yankees", while Federal Judicial Police in charge of a city was codenamed "Z"; thus they were nicknamed as "Zetas", the Spanish word for the letter. [102] They are active in Europe, specifically in Italy with the 'Ndrangheta. Trevino-Morales is known in Los Zetas as "Z-40"[200] On 12 June 2012, "Z-40" and two of his brothers were arrested and indicted on charges in the State of Texas after raids and dozens of arrests in New Mexico, Texas and Oklahoma.[201]. [34], Los Zetas was named after its first commander, Arturo Guzmán Decena, whose Federal Judicial Police radio code was "Z1",[35] a code given to high-ranking officers. [117] Several other Tropa del Infierno gunmen was injured in the clashes as well. [131] On 30 January 2012, the Attorney General of Mexico issued a communiqué ordering the governors and their families to remain in the country as they are being investigated for possible collaboration with cartels. [105] His arrest ultimately resulted in the discovery and seizure of a large Zetas weapons cache and supply stash, including "assault rifles, several grenade launchers, magazines, 2,000 rounds of ammunition of various calibres, bullet-proof vests and balaclavas". [163] On 7 November 2011, 650 policemen were released from their duties because they had either failed or refused "corruption control tests."[164]. [162] Consequently, the government is currently building military bases in Ciudad Mier, San Fernando and Ciudad Mante. [158], Although the Joint Operation Nuevo León-Tamaulipas issued in 2007, along with several other military-led operations by the federal government, brought thousands of troops to restore order in Tamaulipas,[159] on 9 May 2011, the Federal Police and the Mexican Army disarmed all police forces in Tamaulipas, beginning with the cities of Matamoros and Reynosa. Some sources claim that Guillén, brother of Cárdenas and one of the successors of the Gulf Cartel, was addicted to gambling, sex, and drugs, leading Los Zetas to perceive his leadership as a threat to the organization. Mexico City: Lilaneta, 2007, Chapters 1 and 5. Does anyone know her name or any of her social medias such as facebook or instagram? "[123], Although drug-related violence had existed long before the Mexican Drug War, it often happened in low-profile levels, with the government "looking the other way" in exchange for bribes while drug traffickers went about their business – as long as there was no violence. [156] As a result, most police forces in Tamaulipas are believed to be susceptible to corruption due to their low wages, and accept bribes from organized crime groups. They have placed lookouts at arrival destinations such as airports, bus stations and main roads. [78] Morales' active leadership gained him the loyalty and respect of many in Los Zetas, leading many to eventually stop paying their tributes to Lazcano. [50] In response to the rising power of the Gulf Cartel, the rival Sinaloa Cartel[51] established Los Negros, an enforcer group similar to Los Zetas but not as complex or successful. [152], On 17 September 2012 in Piedras Negras, Coahuila, more than 130 inmates from Los Zetas organized a massive prison break in broad daylight by walking directly from the front gate to several trucks outside the prison. [113][114], In January 2020, Los Zetas regional leader José Carmen N., also known as "El Comandante Reyes," was arrested in Oaxaca. They are known for engaging in brutally violent "shock and awe" tactics such as beheadings, torture, and indiscriminate murder.While primarily concerned with drug trafficking, the organization also runs profitable … "[102], On 14 July 2013, it was reported that the Mexican Marine Corps captured the Zetas leader Miguel Ángel Treviño Morales, also known as "Z-40" in Anáhuac, Nuevo León, near the border of Tamaulipas state. [196], In February 2009, Texas Governor Rick Perry announced a program called "Operation Border Star Contingency Plan" to safeguard the border if the Zetas carried out their threats to attack U.S. security officers. [95][96][97], As of 2012, Los Zetas had control over 11 states in Mexico, making it the drug cartel with the largest territory in the country. [173] Together they control the drug trafficking routes in the Colombian La Guajira and the Venezuelan state of Zulia, Colombia as the producing country and Venezuela as the main port route toward the U.S. and Europe. [190], On 13 February 2017, Venezuelan vice president Tareck El Aissami was sanctioned by the United States Treasury Department under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act, with US officials accusing him of facilitating drug shipments from Venezuela to Mexico and the US, freezing millions of dollars of assets purportedly under El Aissami's control. [115] The same month, Verónica Hernández Giadáns, the Attorney General of Veracruz, admitted that her cousin Guadalupe “La Jefa” Hernández Hervis was in fact chief of operations for Los Zetas and also a close association of former Los Zetas leader Hernán “El Comandante H” Martínez Zavaleta, who was arrested in 2017. Triggered a Massacre in Mexico The inside story of a cartel’s deadly assault on a Mexican town near the Texas border — and the U.S. drug operation that sparked it. [186][187] Since February 2010, the major cartels have aligned in two factions, one formed by the Juárez Cartel, Tijuana Cartel, Los Zetas and the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel; the other faction integrated by the Gulf Cartel, Sinaloa Cartel and La Familia Cartel. [74][75], In early 2010, Miguel Treviño Morales, the former second-in-command of Los Zetas, had reportedly taken the leadership of the Zetas and displaced Lazcano. [160] The following month, the federal government was asked to send in troops to combat the drug cartels in the area, to "consolidate actions on public safety" and "strengthen the capacity of their institutions. [50] In response to the rising power of the Gulf Cartel, the rival Sinaloa Cartel[51] established Los Negros, an enforcer group similar to Los Zetas but not as complex or successful. [22][27] In February 2010, Los Zetas broke away and formed their own criminal organization, rivalling the Gulf Cartel. "[137] Months later, Flores finally acknowledged that several parts of Tamaulipas were "being overrun by organized crime violence. [115] He was believed to be in charge of the gang's operations in 12 municipalities in Veracruz, including Acayucan, Minatitlán and Coatzacoalcos, known as the state's most violent towns. [39][40][41] Decena lured more than thirty deserters from the elite Grupo Aeromóvil de Fuerzas Especiales (GAFE) to become his personal bodyguards, and later, as his mercenary wing. [165] Los Zetas' training locations have been identified as having a similar setup as military GAFE training facilities. [78] Morales' active leadership gained him the loyalty and respect of many in Los Zetas, leading many to eventually stop paying their tributes to Lazcano. They are known for engaging in brutally violent "shock and awe" tactics such as beheadings, torture, and indiscriminate murder.While primarily concerned with drug trafficking, the organization also runs profitable … "[138] Gutiérrez later recognized the work of the federal troops and acknowledged that his city was experiencing "an escalation in violence. Some of these newer tortures and hyper-violent execution styles included practices such as flaying and castration as well as public displays of the victims. [175] The war then spread out through eleven municipalities of Tamaulipas, nine of them bordering Texas. [36][48] However, in November 2002, Decena was killed in a military action at a restaurant in Matamoros, Tamaulipas,[49] allowing Heriberto Lazcano ("Z3") to take control of the group. Los Zetas (pronounced [los ˈsetas], Spanish for "The Zs") is a Mexican criminal syndicate,[17][18][19] regarded as one of the most dangerous of Mexico's drug cartels. [188], In a 2010 report, it was noted Sureño street gangs maintain ties with the Los Zetas cartel in California and South Carolina. [66] Other reports mention, however, that the divide occurred due to a disagreement on who would take on the leadership of the cartel after the extradition of Cárdenas. [202] The Mérida Initiative that was put in place by the Bush administration in the United States suggested that $1.4 billion in funds was to be sent to Mexico over a three-year period to combat narco trafficking from the U.S.-Mexico border to Panama, but few of these funds have yet to be received in Mexico. To keep his organization and leadership from rival drug cartels and from the Mexican Army, Cárdenas sought out Decena, a retired army lieutenant. Media. Within the United States, Los Zetas are using social media as a method of communication between the two countries and are also using the sites as a method of recruiting young aspiring members who in their perception see the actions of the cartel as glorified and are able to ask how they can join. [173], Indications of the broken alliance between the Gulf Cartel and Los Zetas began in September 2009. [25][26] The origins of Los Zetas date back to the late 1990s, when commandos of the Mexican Army deserted their ranks and began working as the enforcement arm of the Gulf Cartel. Acción (21) 00001 | 68 | Ant Blogger | La sangre de los infieles 00002 | 383 | Antonio de Chencha | Reconquista de Iberia 00003 | 417 | Antonio Ramos Zúñiga | Cornatel, el secreto español 00004 | 372 | Arturo del Burgo | El club de los supervivientes y el asalto al castillo de Hindenburg 00005 | 452 | Cristina Rodriguez Trueba et al. Although their military training was diluted over time, their brutality was not. [143] Eighty-five inmates escaped from the same Reynosa prison six months later.
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